According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a dirty bomb is a mix of explosives, such as dynamite, with radioactive powder or pellets. Border Security: Investigators Transported Radioactive Sources Across Our Nation's Borders at Two Locations. Dirty bomb definition: A dirty bomb is a nuclear bomb that uses explosives to release radioactive material over. Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Log In Dictionary.

.A dirty bomb or radiological dispersal device is a speculative that combines radioactive material with conventional explosives. The purpose of the weapon is to contaminate the area around the dispersal agent/conventional explosion with radioactive material, serving primarily as an device against civilians.

It is, however, not to be confused with a nuclear explosion, such as a, which by releasing nuclear energy produces effects far in excess of what is achievable by the use of conventional explosives.Although a radiological dispersal device is designed to disperse radioactive material over a large area, a that uses conventional explosives and produces a would be far more lethal to people than the hazard posed by radioactive material that may be mixed with the explosive. At levels created from probable sources, not enough would be present to cause severe illness or death.

A test explosion and subsequent calculations done by the found that assuming nothing is done to clean up the affected area and everyone stays in the affected area for one year, the radiation exposure would be 'fairly high' but not fatal. Recent analysis of the from the confirms this, showing that the effect on many people in the surrounding area, although not those in proximity, was almost negligible.Since a dirty bomb is unlikely to cause many deaths by radiation exposure, many do not consider this to be a. Its purpose would presumably be to create psychological, not physical, harm through ignorance, and terror. For this reason dirty bombs are sometimes called 'weapons of mass disruption'.

Additionally, containment and of thousands of victims, as well as decontamination of the affected area might require considerable time and expense, rendering areas partly unusable and causing economic damage. Further information:Since the attacks, the fear of terrorist groups using dirty bombs has increased immensely, which has been frequently reported in the media. The meaning of terrorism used here, is described by the 's definition, which is 'the calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological objectives'.There have only ever been two cases of caesium-containing bombs, and neither was detonated. Both involved. The first attempt of radiological terror was carried out in November 1995 by a group of, who buried a source wrapped in explosives at the in. A Chechen rebel leader alerted the media, the bomb was never activated, and the incident amounted to a mere.In December 1998, a second attempt was announced by the Chechen Security Service, who discovered a container filled with radioactive materials attached to an explosive mine.

The bomb was hidden near a railway line in the suburban area, ten miles east of the Chechen capital of. The same Chechen separatist group was suspected to be involved.Despite the increased fear of a dirty bombing attack, it is hard to assess whether the actual risk of such an event has increased significantly. The following discussions on implications, effects and probability of an attack, as well as indications of terror groups planning such, are based mainly on, qualified guessing and a few comparable scenarios.Effect of a dirty bomb explosion When dealing with the implications of a dirty bomb attack, there are two main areas to be addressed: (i) the impact, not only dealing with immediate casualties and long term health issues, but also the effect and then (ii) the economic impact. With no prior event of a dirty bomb detonation, it is considered difficult to predict the impact.

Several analyses have predicted that radiological dispersal devices will neither sicken nor kill many people. Accidents with radioactives The effects of uncontrolled have been reported several times. Main article: Public perception of risks For the majority involved in a radiological dispersal device incident, the radiation health risks (i.e. Increased probability of developing cancer later in life due to radiation exposure) are comparatively small, comparable to the health risk from smoking five packages of cigarettes. The is not always logical. Although the exposure might be minimal, many people find radiation exposure especially frightening because it is something they cannot see or feel, and it therefore becomes an unknown source of danger.

Dealing with public fear may prove the greatest challenge in case of a radiological dispersal device event. Policy, science and media may inform the public about the real danger and thus reduce the possible psychological and economic effects.Statements from the U.S.

Government after 9/11 may have contributed unnecessarily to the public fear of a dirty bomb. When on June 10, 2002, announced the arrest of, allegedly plotting to detonate such a weapon, he said:A radioactive 'dirty bomb' (.) spreads radioactive material that is highly toxic to humans and can cause mass death and injury. This article needs additional citations for.

First there were conventional weapons – from knives and swords through to explosives and guns. Then, in the last century, we began to talk of unconventional weapons, as the world became preoccupied with chemical and nuclear warheads. Now into the noughties , we've gone one step further and decided it would be a good idea to combine both conventional and unconventional ways of harming people, and developed the dirty bomb, a device which uses conventional dynamite to disperse unconventional radioactive materials into the atmosphere.

though a dirty bomb does not create an actual nuclear blast, it could kill as many as 1000 people in a densely populated city

A dirty bomb, also known as a Radiological Dispersal Device (or RDD for short), uses C-4 explosive to propel dangerous nuclear material through the air. The bomb's potency can be varied by controlling the amounts of explosive and nuclear material used. Though a dirty bomb does not create an actual nuclear blast, it could kill as many as 1000 people in a densely populated city and make the area immediately surrounding the blast uninhabitable for several months. It could also pose subsequent cancer risks for many decades.

Concern about the risk of someone triggering a dirty bomb has gained momentum during 2004, particularly in the light of evidence suggesting that the smuggling of quantities of radiological materials that could be used in dirty (as opposed to nuclear) bombs has risen dramatically. A June 2004 article in the New Scientist magazine reported that in 2003 there were 51 such trafficking incidents, compared to only eight in 1996.

The threat of a dirty bomb attack has become a major cause for concern internationally, leading governments to stage simulations such as the one in the Paris metro in October 2004, where a simulated dirty bomb attack was used to test the response of emergency workers, should such a terrorist strike occur.

Background – dirty bomb

The term dirty bomb first came into media focus in June 2002, when an al-Qaida terrorist named José Padilla was arrested at a Chicago airport and charged with assisting in the construction of such a device. The media have also recently been using the term dirty bomb in the general context of what are referred to as improvised explosive devices (or IEDs for short): devices used by terrorists and guerrillas in unconventional warfare for the dispersal of chemical weapons.

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A less recent usage of the term dirty bomb is in the comparative description of older, less-efficient nuclear weapons. Early nuclear weapons generated significantly larger amounts of radioactive waste than their modern counterparts, hence they were thought of as 'dirty'.

by Kerry Maxwell, author of Brave New Words